Newly Discovered 'Syrax Mountain Horned Dragon' Found in Thailand

Scientists have discovered a new species of lizard, named Acanthosaura syrax, in the mountain forests of western Thailand. This newly identified species, also known as the Syrax mountain horned dragon, is notable for its small size and distinctive yellowish-green coloring. The name was inspired by the dragon Syrax from the TV series 'House of the Dragon'.

Acanthosaura syrax belongs to the agamid lizard family, which includes species like bearded dragons. This discovery increases the number of recognized species in the Acanthosaura genus to 23. The largest male of the species measures about 69.6 millimeters, while the largest female reaches 101.2 millimeters. The species is characterized by its small neck and back crest scales and a unique dark collar across the neck.

The Syrax mountain horned dragon is currently known only from Mae Wong National Park in western Thailand, found mainly in evergreen forests above 1,300 meters. The species was observed basking on rocks and logs, and searching for earthworms. Its limited distribution raises concerns about habitat loss and fragmentation.

Researchers used anatomical characteristics and mitochondrial gene analysis to establish A. syrax as a distinct species. The species' dependence on high-elevation, cool environments suggests that habitat protection is crucial. Mae Wong's forests also support other rare wildlife, making conservation efforts vital.

The discovery of A. syrax underscores the potential for finding more undiscovered species in Thailand's isolated mountain forests. Further surveys could reveal additional reptile diversity in the region.